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Sam Paul (1874 – January 10, 1927) was an American gambler and underworld figure in New York City at the start of the 20th century. Founder of the Sam Paul Association, he was also a major political organizer for Tammany Hall. ==Rosenthal case and before== By 1903, the "Sam Paul Association" was already being mentioned in the news as a center of criminal activity in New York.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=New York Times )〕 By 1910, Paul was running a pool hall at the corner of Third Avenue and 13th Street in partnership with Louis Kaufman. Paul was initially sought by police as a witness in the killing of gambler Herman Rosenthal, as they had received information that the crime had been planned at the Sam Paul Association clubhouse at Sea Gate, Brooklyn on July 14, 1912 by Jack Rose, Bridgie Webber, and a man known only as "Dollar John." On July 21, however, Paul was arrested as a suspect. He maintained his innocence, claiming he had been home in bed at the night of the murder and that, rather than having been involved with Rosenthal's death, he had paid for Rosenthal's funeral. The charges were dropped after Paul provided the police with an alibi.〔"Rosenthal Murder Recalled By Death; Sam Paul, Who Was a Witness in Trial, Dies a Poor Man, Victim of Nephritis. Arrested, But Released; Became Involved by Being Head of Association Through Which Police Got Murder Clue". New York Times. 11 January 1927〕 Paul's arrest prompted New York Times reporters to interview members of the Sam Paul Association at 37 E. 7th Street about the membership and purpose of the organization. A member, who did not give his name, stated that:
Paul and Webber, who together ran the popular ''Sans Souci Music Hall'' on Third Avenue at 13th Street, had previously been involved in a violent dispute with Rosenthal after Rosenthal arranged an NYPD raid on that club and subsequently took over the nearby ''Hesper Club'' on Second Avenue. Their rivalry eventually resulted in Webber being attacked and severely beaten by two members of Jack Zelig's criminal organization. Zelig was called "the right hand man of Sam Paul" by the New York Times. When Harry Horowitz and Lefty Louis Rosenberg were arrested in September 1912 and charged with killing Rosenthal, rumors circulated to the effect that Paul had paid for their attorney, former magistrate Charles Wahle. Horowitz, Rosenberg, Wahle, and Paul denied that this was the case. Paul was held as a material witness and was one of several gangland figures who testified at the trial of Charles Becker later that year. Partly as a result of his testimony, Becker was convicted of Rosenthal's murder and was executed in 1915.〔 As a result of the publicity created by the Rosenthal murder, NYC Police Commissioner Rhinelander Waldo opened an investigation into Sam Paul, the Sam Paul Association, and their connections with government officials at various levels. He supplied New York City mayor William Jay Gaynor with a list of 62 names of alleged members of the Association. The investigation linked Paul with politicians, including Samuel S. Koenig and his brother Morris. According to the New York Times report:
Both Koenigs denied these allegations. In separate statements the brothers mentioned Paul's membership in Tammany Hall as probative of their claims that Paul was a member of the Democratic Party, and, as such, unlikely to have associated with them.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=New York Times )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sam Paul」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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